Исследование статьи 306 Уголовного кодекса КНР: может ли адвокат быть субъектом лжесвидетельствования в суде

Хуан Ягэ / Huang Yage – кандидат, магистр юридических наук, Институт доказательственного права и судебной экспертизы, Китайский университет политики и права, г. Пекин, Китайская Народная Республика

Abstract: article 306 of Chinese Criminal Law (2015 version) known as the lawyer’s perjury, is criticized as the legislative branch tailored for the lawyer group only. And in practice, the lawyer is investigated by the scout in discretion whose occupations are investigating crime in china by this article. This phenomenon has a serious impact on the development of the Chinese legal profession. In spite of discussion the question of implementing of this article in practice, this article is emphatically from the angle of the criminal crime in criminology, witness system, and contrastive analysis of the litigation system between China and the United States: whether the lawyer is eligible subject of legal perjury.

Аннотация: статья 306 Китайского Уголовного Права (2015 г.) известна как лжесвидетельство адвоката и подвергается критике как законодательная ветвь, которая создана именно для адвокатской группы. В Китае расследованием дел по этой статье занимается частный следователь. Такое явление оказывает серьезное влияние на развитие китайской юридической профессии. Несмотря на обсуждение вопроса о реализации данной статьи на практике, эта статья решительна с точки зрения уголовного преступления в криминалистике, системы свидетелей и сопоставительного анализа судебной системы между Китаем и Соединенными Штатами: может ли юрист быть предметом лжесвидетельствования в суде.

Keywords: the lawyer’s perjury, subject of the crime, the litigation system.

Ключевые слова: дача ложных показаний адвоката, субъект преступления, система судебных разбирательств.

References

  1.      Pusheng Chen eds. Respective Theory of Comparative Criminal Evidence Law. TaiWan: Hanlin Press, 1984. Pp. 123.
  2.      Article 305 of Chinese criminal law stipulates: If, in criminal proceedings, a witness, expert witness, recorder or interpreter intentionally gives false testimony or makes a false expert evaluation, record or translation concerning the circumstances that have an important bearing on a case, in order to frame another person or conceal criminal evidence, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention; if the circumstances are serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years.
  3.      Mingxuan Gao. The Principles of Criminal Law. Beijing: China Renmin University Press, 2005. Pp. 97.
  4.      Xingliang Chen. Philosophy of Criminal Law. Beijing: China University of Political Science and Law Press, 2009. Pp. 419.
  5.      Article 305 of Chinese criminal law stipulates: Article 2 The aim of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China is to use criminal punishments to fight against all criminal acts in order to safeguard security of the State, to defend the State power of the people's democratic dictatorship and the socialist system, to protect property owned by the State, and property collectively owned by the working people and property privately owned by citizens, to protect citizens' rights of the person and their democratic and other rights, to maintain public and economic order, and to ensure the smooth progress of socialist construction.
  6.      Zhanguo Sun. Research on the Basic Problems of Criminalization. Beijing: China Legal Publishing House, 2013. Pp. 138.
  7.      Qiulan Chen. A Topic that has to be said: The Lawyer Perjury. Journal of R &. D Management, 2000. Pp. 67-71.
  8.      Identity crime: real status crime refers to the special identity as a main body important document, if not, it is impossible to set up the crime of special identity.
  9.      Yongzhong Gu. International Standard and the Practice of China. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2012. Pp. 69.
  10. Such as Germany, Japan, Russia and other countries have some regulations to this behavior, such as article 303 of the penal code of Russia stipulate: the inspector, scout, the prosecutor or defender give perjury in the criminal case, he shall be sentenced to deprive of liberty not more than three years, and deprive of the right of taking a certain position or practicing in some kinds of action not more than three years.
  11. In Chinese investigation proceeding, due to all kinds of reasons, such as the underdeveloped scout skill, police are all emphasis on the suspect, the defendant statement and confession, which meet to Chinese traditional investigation habit.
  12. ‘People Republic of China – criminal law’ (2012 version), Article 35.
  13. Zhuang Li case (2009) is the most famous case about the defense lawyer is accused by the article 306 of Chinese criminal law (2015 version), just because when he met his mandatory (Gangmo Gong), he blink his eyes to Gangmo Gong, and then Gangmo Gong changed his statement. The prosecutor attributed to the lawyer blinking his eyes, and the difficult is whether the behavior of blinking ones eye can ascribe to entice.

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